Shenba is traveling in space, and its 17 life science experiments are also quietly changing. The Sino-German cooperation space life science experiment project involves 33 samples, including 10 Chinese, 6 German, and 1 Sino-German cooperation, involving four major areas: basic biology, space life technology, advanced life support system. Biology and space radiation biology. One of the experiments was conducted by the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Yesterday (November 2), a reporter from the Beijing News interviewed the researcher Cang Huaixing to reveal the "space biological experiment".
[Preparation] A few hours before the Shenba launch, the thick capillary tube containing the sewing needle is at the Jiuquan launch base. Cang Huaixing is busy preparing protein. These newly prepared proteins must be lifted off with Shenba, so the freshness of the substance must be kept as much as possible. The shorter the time interval from launch, the more accurate the spatial experiment results of the protein. "Proteins are mainly extracted from plants, animals, and humans, such as egg whites." Yesterday, Cang Huaixing said that 14 kinds of proteins should be placed in 120 large glass capillaries with only large "sewing needles". Solution. 14 kinds of proteins are related to dysentery bacillus, kinase, trachoma virus, etc., including 3 kinds in Canada, 8 kinds in China and 3 kinds in Germany.
ã€Guarding】 Two insurance "defense" black box glass capillaries are very fragile. "Fragile products" follow God eight, it is not easy. Especially in the process of Shenba launching into the air and returning to the ground, there will be huge vibrations. It is important to protect these "babies". "First put 120 tubes into a black box. The box is specially designed to resist compression and shock." Cang Huaixing said. The black box is not large, weighs 180 grams, and is roughly 85 mm long, 45 mm wide, and 35 mm high. A person's palm can be "lifted". There is a second insurance, this small box will be put together with samples of other experimental projects, in a large box about 40 cm long and 20 cm high.
[The end] The sample returned to the earth with Huai Xing with Shenba. According to the ground, under the influence of gravity and buoyancy convection caused by gravitation, the protein solution contained in the glass capillary will grow out of the crystal; under the weightless state of space The crystals grown in the solution will not sink and will not be affected by buoyancy convection. The crystals grown will have better quality than the ground and the internal molecular structure will be more neatly arranged. In this way, with the help of X-rays, you can see the finer molecular structure in protein crystals, confirming the relationship between protein molecular structure and function. "On this basis, we will develop new drugs for the treatment of important diseases, including plant diseases, human and animal diseases," Cang Huaixing said. 33 experimental samples will return to Earth with Shenba. After the spacecraft has landed, the test chamber must be removed from the spacecraft return module and transported back to Beijing within 7.5 hours.
■Highlights The Sino-German experiment explores biological space survival. The “Simple and Closed Ecosystem Exploration Research†jointly implemented by the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Germany is the only Sino-German joint experiment project. "Blister snails, rotifers, algae, and bacteria are put together to form a closed ecosystem."
Yesterday, Professor Liu Yongding of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences said that the smallest diameter of these organisms is only a few microns in size. It is very difficult to put them in a "cigarette box" size box, and it is necessary to put nutrient solution in them. It constitutes an ecological cycle system, with producers-algae, consumers-snails, decomposers-bacteria, built into a closed ecosystem and biological chain, to study the regeneration of water, air and food needed for life. Liu Yongding said that there is no condition to support life in space, and the creatures in the "small box" need oxygen and water to survive. The production of these necessary conditions, in addition to chemical and physical solutions, is based on this biological method. "Once there is persistent oxygen and clean water, it will become possible for astronauts and humans to stay in space for a long time in the future," Professor Liu said. Carrying rice to study genetic changes. On November 2, Cai Weiming, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Life Sciences, said that Shenba also carried a rice variety called "Nipponbare". Cai Weiming said that although the experimental box was fixed in Shenba, in space, the cells in the small box will grow on the culture medium, and the gene expression of rice will also change greatly. In this study, we will try to study the changes of plant gene expression under microgravity and discover the role of Earth's gravity in the process of biological evolution.
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