Gu Minda Thinking and Analyzing China's Paper Industry in New CenturyGu Minda(China Technical Association of Paper Industry)
Human beings are thinking and wishing to greet the dawn of the new century. The 21st century will be an era in which economic and technological competition will become even more fierce. The first and second decades of the century are the most crucial. Where does the general trend of China's papermaking industry go, what are the major issues for the selection of raw materials, the growth of consumption, the adjustment of product structure, the economic scale of enterprises, the protection of the environment, the sources of funds, and the development of technical equipment? All of these require papermakers to eagerly and consciously conduct systematic research and thoughtful thinking, obtain new ideas and new understandings from them, and scientifically foresee future prospects, so as to more reliably establish the ambitious goals and achieve the goals of the system engineering developed. . For this reason, this paper considers and analyzes China's papermaking industry in the new century from the status of China's paper industry in the national economy, the current opportunities, challenges and trends. 1 The papermaking industry's position in the national economy The papermaking industry is an important industrial sector that is closely related to the development of the national economy and socialist civilization. The economically developed countries in the world generally have developed papermaking industries. The United States and Japan rank the paper industry as one of the top ten manufacturing industries in the country. In 1995, the global papermaking industry had total sales of US$260 billion and assets of US$400 billion. The industry ranks in the telecommunications and automotive industries, surpassing the steel and aviation industries. From the perspective of use, on the one hand, paper plays an extremely important role in the development of human culture. Through paper-based publications, human information and knowledge are rapidly disseminated and properly preserved, and a long history heritage is inherited. , thus promoting the continuous development of human culture and science and technology. Undoubtedly, it plays an important intermediary role in accumulating human cultural wealth, creating a social treasure house, and continuation and development of human culture. On the other hand, paper and paperboard are indispensable materials in the national economy, with the development of modern science. Its use extends to various sectors of the national economy, including cultural printing, packaging and decoration, household paper, industrial and agricultural technology paper, science and technology paper, and in particular paper and cardboard used as packaging materials for goods, such as paper boxes instead Wooden box packaging has the advantages of low cost, light weight, convenient transportation, and saving of wood. In some countries, the proportion of paper and paperboard used for packaging materials is large, reaching more than 50% of the total output. It can be seen from this that the paper industry has become an industry with many services related to the national economy and has a very wide service area. It has an increasingly important position in the national economy. With the development of China’s four modernizations and the continuous improvement of people’s material and cultural life, the variety and number of paper and paperboard will increase. For example, since 1980, the average annual growth rate of paper and board consumption in China has reached 11.2%. In 1998, it consumed 34 million tons, ranking second in the world. According to predictions from experts of the relevant departments, by 2010, the consumption will reach 65 million tons. Experts believe that under the current situation in which China's processing and manufacturing capabilities are generally over-supplied, the paper industry is one of the few industries in which demand continues to expand. Modern papermaking industry can obviously become China's new economic growth point, which will inevitably have a powerful driving effect on the growth of China's national economy. 2 Opportunities and Challenges Faced by China's Paper Industry With the rapid development of industries such as news publishing, book printing, cultural information, and commodity packaging, the demand for paper products in the Chinese market will increase at an alarming rate. Experts participating in the "China Modern Paper Strategy Seminar" believe that: China's paper industry growth should be higher than the GDP growth rate, and slightly higher than the average industrial growth rate. If China's future average growth rate is expected to be 8%, it is expected that China's 2000 paper will be expected. The consumption of the product will reach 40 million tons, and in 2010 it will reach 7,000 to 80 million tons. According to the forecast of the market demand by the relevant departments and organizations, the demand for the paper products market in China in the year 2000 will be 34 to 38 million tons; in 2010, it will be 6,000 to 70 million tons, such a huge market is an excellent opportunity to speed up the development of China's paper industry. However, for a long time, the raw materials for China's papermaking industry have been dominated by non-wood fibers, resulting in product imbalances, small-scale enterprises, poor economic returns, large amounts of pollutants, and serious pollution. When the number of papermaking enterprises in China reached a maximum of 10,000, even a small number of large and medium-sized enterprises are far below the international level, and the technological level is generally backward, and it is difficult to meet the growing demand for high-end paper products in the domestic market. According to relevant department statistics, in 1998, the total import volume of paper, paperboard, paper products, wood pulp, and waste paper had reached 10.39 million tons, which was double that of 1995. With the increase of domestic demand, a large number of imported paper products will bring unacceptable challenges to China's import and export balance. Under the impact of imports and products of joint ventures, China's papermaking companies have encountered unprecedented difficulties and competitive pressures, and the situation has forced China's paper industry to carry out large-scale fundamental structural adjustments. 3 Trends in the development of the paper industry 3.1 Accelerate the adjustment of raw material structure and promote the development of production The papermaking experts in China believe that the use of wood fiber in paper and board production worldwide amounts to 94.7%, while in China in recent years only about 2 million tons of domestic wood pulp have been produced. It only accounts for 9% of the total volume of pulp. To improve the quality and grade of paper, it is necessary to shape the modern paper industry in China. It must gradually put the paper industry on the basis of wood pulp and keep up with the integration of forestry and paper as soon as possible. And the international trend of modern production. Experts analyzed timber resources that in recent years, the development of China's forestry has already had the resources to vigorously develop the resources for making paper from the wood. From south to north, China has the natural conditions for growing conifers and broad-leaved trees. China’s forest area and amount of reserves rank fifth in the world. Both the forest area and the amount of savings are higher than the sum of Japan and the three countries of Scandinavia (Sweden, Finland, and Norway). However, the volume of paper produced by China's wood is much lower than the sum of Japan and the three countries of Scandinavia. It can be seen that there is great potential for wood-based papermaking in China. . From the perspective of China’s artificial forest resources, it has increased annually by 1.2 million hectares since 1984, reaching 34 million hectares in 1993, and the accumulated amount has reached 700 million tons. It is estimated that by 2010, the planted forest area will reach 48.7 million hectares. . From the development experience of the world's paper industry developed countries can clearly see that wood is the only way for papermaking. This is true of North America and Northern Europe countries that have natural forest resources. This is also true of Japan and Spain that do not have natural forest resources. China is currently a country with little forestry resources. However, compared to Japan, forest resources and natural conditions are much better. Of course, companies that produce wood pulp must rely on the power of factories to run their own forest land before they can make paper. The stable supply, stable variety, and stable quality of the timber allow for significant cost reductions.
Some companies now have experience in this area, but the total amount is not enough, so the effect is not obvious. In this regard, the government should give corresponding policies, such as land supply, management and reduction of taxes and fees. In the future, the establishment of new forestry projects will start with the construction of the necessary raw materials. Recently, the National Light Industry Bureau has focused on increasing the proportion of wood pulp in the adjustment of papermaking raw material structure. By 2000, from the current 13% to 18%, the proportion of straw pulp decreased to 35%; by 2005, the proportion of wood pulp increased to 22%, and the proportion of straw pulp decreased to about 30%. The State Forestry Administration has formulated a plan for the development and construction of China's forestry in the next 10 years in accordance with the guidelines for classification and breakthroughs in blocks. The total investment will reach 2,000 to 300 billion yuan, including the implementation of fast-growing and high-yield forests in the construction of ecological forests. Construction projects, vigorously develop commodity forestry bases. In addition, some foreign investors, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Japan, are also engaged in afforestation in China. According to incomplete statistics in 1997, there are 8 foreign-invested afforestation projects in Guangdong Province, and the reasonable use of foreign capital is 310 million U.S. dollars, and the afforestation area has reached 400. Million acres. Singapore Asian Paper Company has set up four forestry companies in China. It is estimated that the afforestation area will reach 18.5 million mu. Under the premise of a large market for paper industry in China, they use resources on the spot, in situ afforestation, and sell land on real estate, reaching forestry paper. One-stop production, operating sales integration pattern.
Expand waste paper recycling and ease the tension in papermaking raw materials. The use of waste paper as papermaking raw materials for the production of paper and paperboard can not only reduce pollution and protect the environment, but also reduce deforestation, save primary fiber resources, and have very significant economic and social benefits. Therefore, all countries in the world are trying to improve the waste paper recycling rate and paper recycling rate. By 1998, China's waste paper consumption has accounted for 38% of the total pulp consumption, which is still far behind the level of some developed countries in Europe. For example, in 1997, the waste paper consumption rate was 48.9% in France, 59% in Germany, 71% in the Netherlands, 65.2% in Switzerland, and 71.5% in the United Kingdom. It can be seen from this that the potential for waste paper utilization in China is still very large. According to the forecast of relevant departments, by 2010, paper and paperboard consumption will be calculated at 65 million tons, of which 10 million tons of imported paper and paperboard will be deducted, and domestic production will be 55 million tons. In 1998, the total output of paper and paperboard will be 28 million tons in the next 12 years. To increase production by 27 million tons, that is to say, production will increase by a factor of two on an existing basis. In 2010, the proportion of waste pulp increased to 46%, and the demand for waste pulp will reach more than 25 million tons. In the future, the use of waste paper will not only increase in quantity, but also require a new improvement in quality, variety, and processing technology to meet the requirements of the paper industry. To this end, it is necessary to organize, guide and conduct the collection, classification, and supply of domestic waste paper. It is necessary to set up a dedicated waste paper recycling agency, formulate uniform waste paper classification standards, classify and recycle, classify and dispose. To ensure the rational use of waste paper resources, at the same time, to make full use of foreign waste paper resources, properly increase the amount of waste paper imports; to speed up the development of new technologies and new processes; to actively adopt new equipment; the National Secondary Fiber Utilization Collaboration Center, It is necessary to strengthen intelligence gathering and hold regular lectures to exchange experiences and publish information to improve the technical, financial and trade standards of serving staff.
Use grass resources rationally. At present and for some time to come, it will still be an indispensable raw material resource for China's paper industry. China's grass resources are relatively abundant, not only rich in natural reeds, mango awns, rushes and other wild crops, but also rich in rice, wheat, sorghum and other crops. Taking annual wheat as an example, generally, 1t wheat can receive wheat straw 2t, and wheat straw used as a raw material for mills is estimated to be tons of grain ton grass. It is estimated that by 2000 China's wheat output will be 110 million tons, and raw materials for the paper industry will be 110 million tons of wheat straw. , It can produce 44 million tons of pulp and paper. Calculated at comparable prices, the production cost of bleached wheat straw pulp is 1,800-2,500 yuan/t, domestic wood pulp and imported wood pulp are 4000-6000 yuan/t, which directly saves production costs by nearly half. Moreover, wheat straw as a papermaking raw material can reduce incineration and avoid waste of resources and environmental pollution. At present, efforts should be made to solve the problem of the quality of straw pulp and the pollution of pulping waste liquid. It is necessary to research and develop advanced technologies and equipment for the treatment of straw pulp, to produce high-quality chemical additives and to use paper surface treatment technologies, and to treat grass pulp wastewater. Device.
In short, the adjustment of raw material structure should not only focus on long-term development, but also combine the specific conditions of China's national conditions and different regions. On the one hand, we must speed up the adjustment of raw material structure in development, and on the other hand promote development in structural adjustment. It is true that without the adjustment of the structure of raw materials, it will be difficult to achieve a fundamental change in the paper industry, and it will be difficult to occupy a favorable position in the fiercer international competition in the 21st century. 3.2 Accelerate product structure adjustment to meet market demand As China has long been taking a straw-based development path, the output of domestic pulp is only about 2 million tons per year, which only accounts for 9% of the total pulp, resulting in low product quality. , can not meet the needs of high-quality, high-strength paper products. In recent years, the printing industry has introduced a large number of foreign advanced equipment, characterized by high speed, offset printing and color printing. The requirements for quality of paper products have been substantially changed. It requires that newsprint, writing and printing papers must meet the corresponding strength, toughness, whiteness and Adapt to offset, color printing product characteristics. At the same time, the modernization of China's packaging industry has brought about the progress of China's commodity packaging, a large number of paper and cardboard as the main packaging material to replace the traditional wooden box and turfgrass, and the level of commodity packaging is gradually in line with international standards. China's traditional paper products, such as low-grade packaging paper and paperboard, have been phased out by the market. In general, packaging paper, coated paper, white paperboard, boxboard, etc., although there is still a certain market space, but the demand is limited, distributed in northwest China, the vast rural areas And small and medium-sized towns. With printing, publishing, packaging, tobacco and other related fields
Human beings are thinking and wishing to greet the dawn of the new century. The 21st century will be an era in which economic and technological competition will become even more fierce. The first and second decades of the century are the most crucial. Where does the general trend of China's papermaking industry go, what are the major issues for the selection of raw materials, the growth of consumption, the adjustment of product structure, the economic scale of enterprises, the protection of the environment, the sources of funds, and the development of technical equipment? All of these require papermakers to eagerly and consciously conduct systematic research and thoughtful thinking, obtain new ideas and new understandings from them, and scientifically foresee future prospects, so as to more reliably establish the ambitious goals and achieve the goals of the system engineering developed. . For this reason, this paper considers and analyzes China's papermaking industry in the new century from the status of China's paper industry in the national economy, the current opportunities, challenges and trends. 1 The papermaking industry's position in the national economy The papermaking industry is an important industrial sector that is closely related to the development of the national economy and socialist civilization. The economically developed countries in the world generally have developed papermaking industries. The United States and Japan rank the paper industry as one of the top ten manufacturing industries in the country. In 1995, the global papermaking industry had total sales of US$260 billion and assets of US$400 billion. The industry ranks in the telecommunications and automotive industries, surpassing the steel and aviation industries. From the perspective of use, on the one hand, paper plays an extremely important role in the development of human culture. Through paper-based publications, human information and knowledge are rapidly disseminated and properly preserved, and a long history heritage is inherited. , thus promoting the continuous development of human culture and science and technology. Undoubtedly, it plays an important intermediary role in accumulating human cultural wealth, creating a social treasure house, and continuation and development of human culture. On the other hand, paper and paperboard are indispensable materials in the national economy, with the development of modern science. Its use extends to various sectors of the national economy, including cultural printing, packaging and decoration, household paper, industrial and agricultural technology paper, science and technology paper, and in particular paper and cardboard used as packaging materials for goods, such as paper boxes instead Wooden box packaging has the advantages of low cost, light weight, convenient transportation, and saving of wood. In some countries, the proportion of paper and paperboard used for packaging materials is large, reaching more than 50% of the total output. It can be seen from this that the paper industry has become an industry with many services related to the national economy and has a very wide service area. It has an increasingly important position in the national economy. With the development of China’s four modernizations and the continuous improvement of people’s material and cultural life, the variety and number of paper and paperboard will increase. For example, since 1980, the average annual growth rate of paper and board consumption in China has reached 11.2%. In 1998, it consumed 34 million tons, ranking second in the world. According to predictions from experts of the relevant departments, by 2010, the consumption will reach 65 million tons. Experts believe that under the current situation in which China's processing and manufacturing capabilities are generally over-supplied, the paper industry is one of the few industries in which demand continues to expand. Modern papermaking industry can obviously become China's new economic growth point, which will inevitably have a powerful driving effect on the growth of China's national economy. 2 Opportunities and Challenges Faced by China's Paper Industry With the rapid development of industries such as news publishing, book printing, cultural information, and commodity packaging, the demand for paper products in the Chinese market will increase at an alarming rate. Experts participating in the "China Modern Paper Strategy Seminar" believe that: China's paper industry growth should be higher than the GDP growth rate, and slightly higher than the average industrial growth rate. If China's future average growth rate is expected to be 8%, it is expected that China's 2000 paper will be expected. The consumption of the product will reach 40 million tons, and in 2010 it will reach 7,000 to 80 million tons. According to the forecast of the market demand by the relevant departments and organizations, the demand for the paper products market in China in the year 2000 will be 34 to 38 million tons; in 2010, it will be 6,000 to 70 million tons, such a huge market is an excellent opportunity to speed up the development of China's paper industry. However, for a long time, the raw materials for China's papermaking industry have been dominated by non-wood fibers, resulting in product imbalances, small-scale enterprises, poor economic returns, large amounts of pollutants, and serious pollution. When the number of papermaking enterprises in China reached a maximum of 10,000, even a small number of large and medium-sized enterprises are far below the international level, and the technological level is generally backward, and it is difficult to meet the growing demand for high-end paper products in the domestic market. According to relevant department statistics, in 1998, the total import volume of paper, paperboard, paper products, wood pulp, and waste paper had reached 10.39 million tons, which was double that of 1995. With the increase of domestic demand, a large number of imported paper products will bring unacceptable challenges to China's import and export balance. Under the impact of imports and products of joint ventures, China's papermaking companies have encountered unprecedented difficulties and competitive pressures, and the situation has forced China's paper industry to carry out large-scale fundamental structural adjustments. 3 Trends in the development of the paper industry 3.1 Accelerate the adjustment of raw material structure and promote the development of production The papermaking experts in China believe that the use of wood fiber in paper and board production worldwide amounts to 94.7%, while in China in recent years only about 2 million tons of domestic wood pulp have been produced. It only accounts for 9% of the total volume of pulp. To improve the quality and grade of paper, it is necessary to shape the modern paper industry in China. It must gradually put the paper industry on the basis of wood pulp and keep up with the integration of forestry and paper as soon as possible. And the international trend of modern production. Experts analyzed timber resources that in recent years, the development of China's forestry has already had the resources to vigorously develop the resources for making paper from the wood. From south to north, China has the natural conditions for growing conifers and broad-leaved trees. China’s forest area and amount of reserves rank fifth in the world. Both the forest area and the amount of savings are higher than the sum of Japan and the three countries of Scandinavia (Sweden, Finland, and Norway). However, the volume of paper produced by China's wood is much lower than the sum of Japan and the three countries of Scandinavia. It can be seen that there is great potential for wood-based papermaking in China. . From the perspective of China’s artificial forest resources, it has increased annually by 1.2 million hectares since 1984, reaching 34 million hectares in 1993, and the accumulated amount has reached 700 million tons. It is estimated that by 2010, the planted forest area will reach 48.7 million hectares. . From the development experience of the world's paper industry developed countries can clearly see that wood is the only way for papermaking. This is true of North America and Northern Europe countries that have natural forest resources. This is also true of Japan and Spain that do not have natural forest resources. China is currently a country with little forestry resources. However, compared to Japan, forest resources and natural conditions are much better. Of course, companies that produce wood pulp must rely on the power of factories to run their own forest land before they can make paper. The stable supply, stable variety, and stable quality of the timber allow for significant cost reductions.
Some companies now have experience in this area, but the total amount is not enough, so the effect is not obvious. In this regard, the government should give corresponding policies, such as land supply, management and reduction of taxes and fees. In the future, the establishment of new forestry projects will start with the construction of the necessary raw materials. Recently, the National Light Industry Bureau has focused on increasing the proportion of wood pulp in the adjustment of papermaking raw material structure. By 2000, from the current 13% to 18%, the proportion of straw pulp decreased to 35%; by 2005, the proportion of wood pulp increased to 22%, and the proportion of straw pulp decreased to about 30%. The State Forestry Administration has formulated a plan for the development and construction of China's forestry in the next 10 years in accordance with the guidelines for classification and breakthroughs in blocks. The total investment will reach 2,000 to 300 billion yuan, including the implementation of fast-growing and high-yield forests in the construction of ecological forests. Construction projects, vigorously develop commodity forestry bases. In addition, some foreign investors, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Japan, are also engaged in afforestation in China. According to incomplete statistics in 1997, there are 8 foreign-invested afforestation projects in Guangdong Province, and the reasonable use of foreign capital is 310 million U.S. dollars, and the afforestation area has reached 400. Million acres. Singapore Asian Paper Company has set up four forestry companies in China. It is estimated that the afforestation area will reach 18.5 million mu. Under the premise of a large market for paper industry in China, they use resources on the spot, in situ afforestation, and sell land on real estate, reaching forestry paper. One-stop production, operating sales integration pattern.
Expand waste paper recycling and ease the tension in papermaking raw materials. The use of waste paper as papermaking raw materials for the production of paper and paperboard can not only reduce pollution and protect the environment, but also reduce deforestation, save primary fiber resources, and have very significant economic and social benefits. Therefore, all countries in the world are trying to improve the waste paper recycling rate and paper recycling rate. By 1998, China's waste paper consumption has accounted for 38% of the total pulp consumption, which is still far behind the level of some developed countries in Europe. For example, in 1997, the waste paper consumption rate was 48.9% in France, 59% in Germany, 71% in the Netherlands, 65.2% in Switzerland, and 71.5% in the United Kingdom. It can be seen from this that the potential for waste paper utilization in China is still very large. According to the forecast of relevant departments, by 2010, paper and paperboard consumption will be calculated at 65 million tons, of which 10 million tons of imported paper and paperboard will be deducted, and domestic production will be 55 million tons. In 1998, the total output of paper and paperboard will be 28 million tons in the next 12 years. To increase production by 27 million tons, that is to say, production will increase by a factor of two on an existing basis. In 2010, the proportion of waste pulp increased to 46%, and the demand for waste pulp will reach more than 25 million tons. In the future, the use of waste paper will not only increase in quantity, but also require a new improvement in quality, variety, and processing technology to meet the requirements of the paper industry. To this end, it is necessary to organize, guide and conduct the collection, classification, and supply of domestic waste paper. It is necessary to set up a dedicated waste paper recycling agency, formulate uniform waste paper classification standards, classify and recycle, classify and dispose. To ensure the rational use of waste paper resources, at the same time, to make full use of foreign waste paper resources, properly increase the amount of waste paper imports; to speed up the development of new technologies and new processes; to actively adopt new equipment; the National Secondary Fiber Utilization Collaboration Center, It is necessary to strengthen intelligence gathering and hold regular lectures to exchange experiences and publish information to improve the technical, financial and trade standards of serving staff.
Use grass resources rationally. At present and for some time to come, it will still be an indispensable raw material resource for China's paper industry. China's grass resources are relatively abundant, not only rich in natural reeds, mango awns, rushes and other wild crops, but also rich in rice, wheat, sorghum and other crops. Taking annual wheat as an example, generally, 1t wheat can receive wheat straw 2t, and wheat straw used as a raw material for mills is estimated to be tons of grain ton grass. It is estimated that by 2000 China's wheat output will be 110 million tons, and raw materials for the paper industry will be 110 million tons of wheat straw. , It can produce 44 million tons of pulp and paper. Calculated at comparable prices, the production cost of bleached wheat straw pulp is 1,800-2,500 yuan/t, domestic wood pulp and imported wood pulp are 4000-6000 yuan/t, which directly saves production costs by nearly half. Moreover, wheat straw as a papermaking raw material can reduce incineration and avoid waste of resources and environmental pollution. At present, efforts should be made to solve the problem of the quality of straw pulp and the pollution of pulping waste liquid. It is necessary to research and develop advanced technologies and equipment for the treatment of straw pulp, to produce high-quality chemical additives and to use paper surface treatment technologies, and to treat grass pulp wastewater. Device.
In short, the adjustment of raw material structure should not only focus on long-term development, but also combine the specific conditions of China's national conditions and different regions. On the one hand, we must speed up the adjustment of raw material structure in development, and on the other hand promote development in structural adjustment. It is true that without the adjustment of the structure of raw materials, it will be difficult to achieve a fundamental change in the paper industry, and it will be difficult to occupy a favorable position in the fiercer international competition in the 21st century. 3.2 Accelerate product structure adjustment to meet market demand As China has long been taking a straw-based development path, the output of domestic pulp is only about 2 million tons per year, which only accounts for 9% of the total pulp, resulting in low product quality. , can not meet the needs of high-quality, high-strength paper products. In recent years, the printing industry has introduced a large number of foreign advanced equipment, characterized by high speed, offset printing and color printing. The requirements for quality of paper products have been substantially changed. It requires that newsprint, writing and printing papers must meet the corresponding strength, toughness, whiteness and Adapt to offset, color printing product characteristics. At the same time, the modernization of China's packaging industry has brought about the progress of China's commodity packaging, a large number of paper and cardboard as the main packaging material to replace the traditional wooden box and turfgrass, and the level of commodity packaging is gradually in line with international standards. China's traditional paper products, such as low-grade packaging paper and paperboard, have been phased out by the market. In general, packaging paper, coated paper, white paperboard, boxboard, etc., although there is still a certain market space, but the demand is limited, distributed in northwest China, the vast rural areas And small and medium-sized towns. With printing, publishing, packaging, tobacco and other related fields
Eye Cream,Eye mask,Precision Eye Care,Complete Eye Care,fade dark circle
Guangzhou cosmeceuticals daily chemicals PTY,.LTD. , http://www.guangzhoucosmetics.com