Naphthenic acid, also known as naphthenic acid, is obtained by separation, acidification and purification from petroleum. The n in the formula is 0-8, depending on the source, and the acid value is between 170-250. Naphthenic acid soap is currently the most widely used driers, has good solubility and storage stability, good drying effect, wide source, the only drawback is that some odors.
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, also known as isooctanoic acid, is obtained by oxidation of 2-ethylhexanoic acid with an acid value of 265-385. 2-Ethylhexanoic acid soap is a new type of driers with low viscosity and stable storage. Good quality, high drying effect, light color, small smell, but the current high price.
Linoleic acid is obtained by hydrolysis of linseed oil and distillation. It is a mixture of fatty acids such as linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The acid value is 190. Flax oleic acid has a low odor, but it is infrequently used due to its low degree of unsaturation, easy oxidation by air, darkening of color, reduced solubility, and reduced drying ability.
3. The type of driers and the properties of the driers used are determined by the metal part. The squeezing effect can be divided into two types: oxidative drying and polymerization drying. Therefore, there are two types of driers. One is based on oxidative drying, such as cobalt driers, manganese driers, etc. One is based on polymerization drying, such as lead driers, iron driers, and the like. It is most important to use cobalt, manganese, and lead as the main driers in both types. The characteristics of cobalt, manganese and lead driers are described below:
1Cobalt driers are catastrophic driers. They have the strongest drying ability. They are characterized by fast drying on the surface. Therefore, they are suitable for use with lead driers to keep the balance dry. The most common cobalt drier is cobalt naphthenate. It is a purple slurry containing 7.3% of cobalt; for ease of use, it is usually diluted with 200# gasoline into a solution containing 3% of cobalt, and its amount, in terms of metal cobalt, is usually 0.05-0.10% of the dry oil.
2 Manganese driers are polymeric driers, but the promotion of the surface of the membrane is not as fast as the cobalt driers, so it is conducive to the bottom of the drying, its disadvantages are dark colors, and tends to yellow, oil film changeable brittle. The common species is manganese naphthenate, a dark red solution containing 3% manganese. If manganese driers are used instead of cobalt, the amount should be more than that of cobalt. For example, when cobalt and manganese are used in combination, the amount of manganese is generally less than that of cobalt.
3 Lead driers are polymeric driers, which can promote the drying of the oil film bottom layer to form a tough dry film with good adhesion. However, its oxidative drying ability is poor. If used alone, the surface does not dry for a long time, generally with cobalt and manganese. Drier combination. The common lead driers are also naphthenic soaps, diluted with 200-gasoline, containing 15% lead. The amount used, in terms of metal lead, is usually 0.5-1.0% of the dry oil.
The liquid dry oil is produced by precipitation, and the liquid cobalt dry oil is also called red dry oil. The production of slurry-like dry oil by the dispersion method, and the dry-like oil of the slurry-like cobalt, are commonly called white dry oil and are almost all produced by the ink industry.
Anti-drying agent (anti-drying agent)
Anti-drying agents are also called antioxidants or anti-oxidants. When the ink formulation adopts some pigments with strong driers (iron blue, chrome yellow, etc.), there is a phenomenon of conjunctiva during rolling, which makes it difficult for the ink to be finely rolled. During storage, oxidation occurs due to the contact of the ink surface with air and the skin is crusted. , and sometimes even dry out of use, the tendency of the crusts to dry on the printing press can also occur. These problems are considered as much as possible in the manufacture of ink, so inhibitory fillers such as AL (OH) can be properly added to the ink. ) 3 or reduce the dry material such as petrolatum, wax and so on. However, sometimes these methods cannot completely overcome these problems. In this case, appropriate anti-drying agents can be added to delay the oxidative polymerization of dry oils.
Antidrying agents can delay the oxidative polymerization of dry oil because these substances are all strong reducing agents.
6. Gelation, thickening, and clumping of the anti-gelatinizer ink system are generally caused by the following factors: As the basic pigment and the acid value are higher or the binder material containing free fatty acid is agglutinated; the ink system The pigment content is too high; the binder used is not appropriate; the miscibility of the resin and grease in the binder is poor. In the high molecular polymer system, since the pigment absorbs acidic substances, it also promotes gelation and the like.
Due to being too thick, or due to the high gelation of the binder, it can be overcome by the addition of appropriate dilute, soluble substances (fatty acids, ester ketones, etc.).
For the type of gelation that reacts into gum, rosin acid (rosin, or rosin acid dissolved in linseed oil), linseed fatty acid, maleic acid, or maleic anhydride resin with high acid value (soluble In linseed oil) high acid content is used to release the glue.
Seven, anti-(viscous) dirty agent Anti-dirty agent is also called anti-smearing agent, which means to prevent the printing ink from sticking to the back of another printing product. It also prevents piles of prints from sticking together.
The method of using the anti-dirty agent is mostly used in the printing industry. The spraying method is divided into two methods: powder spraying and liquid spraying.
The powders used in the dusting method are generally starch, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcite derived from the reaction of calcium nitrate and ammonium carbonate, fine-grained wax, silica, etc. The requirements for these molecules are generally approximately 15 - Between 30 microns, moisture absorption is small, neutral, no friction, can not affect the process, such as overprinting, covering and so on.
Spraying liquid method is to spray the so-called fast solidifying material. This kind of material consists of a solid that is a phase and the other phase is a liquid. After being printed on paper, it is selectively absorbed by the paper. The solvent part is immediately sticky. The components are related to each other and form an anti-fouling property together with the color.
Disadvantages of the strong antifouling agent are that it is easy to pollute the air and the machine, causing the operator to feel uncomfortable, and it is not suitable for some advanced glossy papers because it will destroy the gloss of these papers.
In recent years, although the ink industry has developed a number of fast-setting inks, the problem of blemishes on printed products has not yet been resolved in a relatively broad range. Therefore, the anti-fouling agent is still in use, and its research is still underway. The principle of anti-fouling agent developed this year is that it consists of immiscible materials. After printing, auxiliaries can float on the surface of the ink layer to form an irreversible “cushion†to reduce the offset of the printed product.
The following are the names and models of several domestic commonly used offset printing ink auxiliaries, which are for reference only.
Commonly used offset thickeners, grease type 101 external oil and 0 external oil, resin type 05-94 thick varnish and 901 thick oil.
Commonly used offset thinners, grease type 165-6 and No. 6 varnish, resin type 8021 resin varnish, 05-01 varnish, No. 6 resin varnish, 906 resin varnish , 40 light varnish and 42 light varnish. Solvent type with 8062 thinner, 57 thinner and 908 white kerosene.
Commonly used scatterers are 8043 scuffing agent, 05-92 detackifier, 653 detackifier, 903 detackifier, and 49 detackifier.
Commonly used anti-drying agents are 522 anti-drying agent, 70 anti-drying agent, 08 anti-drying oil, 70 anti-drying agent and 48 anti-drying agent. Usage is controlled at 0.3-1%.
At present, there are not many varieties of anti-crystallization agents, only 52 anti-colorants, the use of general control within 10%.
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, also known as isooctanoic acid, is obtained by oxidation of 2-ethylhexanoic acid with an acid value of 265-385. 2-Ethylhexanoic acid soap is a new type of driers with low viscosity and stable storage. Good quality, high drying effect, light color, small smell, but the current high price.
Linoleic acid is obtained by hydrolysis of linseed oil and distillation. It is a mixture of fatty acids such as linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. The acid value is 190. Flax oleic acid has a low odor, but it is infrequently used due to its low degree of unsaturation, easy oxidation by air, darkening of color, reduced solubility, and reduced drying ability.
3. The type of driers and the properties of the driers used are determined by the metal part. The squeezing effect can be divided into two types: oxidative drying and polymerization drying. Therefore, there are two types of driers. One is based on oxidative drying, such as cobalt driers, manganese driers, etc. One is based on polymerization drying, such as lead driers, iron driers, and the like. It is most important to use cobalt, manganese, and lead as the main driers in both types. The characteristics of cobalt, manganese and lead driers are described below:
1Cobalt driers are catastrophic driers. They have the strongest drying ability. They are characterized by fast drying on the surface. Therefore, they are suitable for use with lead driers to keep the balance dry. The most common cobalt drier is cobalt naphthenate. It is a purple slurry containing 7.3% of cobalt; for ease of use, it is usually diluted with 200# gasoline into a solution containing 3% of cobalt, and its amount, in terms of metal cobalt, is usually 0.05-0.10% of the dry oil.
2 Manganese driers are polymeric driers, but the promotion of the surface of the membrane is not as fast as the cobalt driers, so it is conducive to the bottom of the drying, its disadvantages are dark colors, and tends to yellow, oil film changeable brittle. The common species is manganese naphthenate, a dark red solution containing 3% manganese. If manganese driers are used instead of cobalt, the amount should be more than that of cobalt. For example, when cobalt and manganese are used in combination, the amount of manganese is generally less than that of cobalt.
3 Lead driers are polymeric driers, which can promote the drying of the oil film bottom layer to form a tough dry film with good adhesion. However, its oxidative drying ability is poor. If used alone, the surface does not dry for a long time, generally with cobalt and manganese. Drier combination. The common lead driers are also naphthenic soaps, diluted with 200-gasoline, containing 15% lead. The amount used, in terms of metal lead, is usually 0.5-1.0% of the dry oil.
The liquid dry oil is produced by precipitation, and the liquid cobalt dry oil is also called red dry oil. The production of slurry-like dry oil by the dispersion method, and the dry-like oil of the slurry-like cobalt, are commonly called white dry oil and are almost all produced by the ink industry.
Anti-drying agent (anti-drying agent)
Anti-drying agents are also called antioxidants or anti-oxidants. When the ink formulation adopts some pigments with strong driers (iron blue, chrome yellow, etc.), there is a phenomenon of conjunctiva during rolling, which makes it difficult for the ink to be finely rolled. During storage, oxidation occurs due to the contact of the ink surface with air and the skin is crusted. , and sometimes even dry out of use, the tendency of the crusts to dry on the printing press can also occur. These problems are considered as much as possible in the manufacture of ink, so inhibitory fillers such as AL (OH) can be properly added to the ink. ) 3 or reduce the dry material such as petrolatum, wax and so on. However, sometimes these methods cannot completely overcome these problems. In this case, appropriate anti-drying agents can be added to delay the oxidative polymerization of dry oils.
Antidrying agents can delay the oxidative polymerization of dry oil because these substances are all strong reducing agents.
6. Gelation, thickening, and clumping of the anti-gelatinizer ink system are generally caused by the following factors: As the basic pigment and the acid value are higher or the binder material containing free fatty acid is agglutinated; the ink system The pigment content is too high; the binder used is not appropriate; the miscibility of the resin and grease in the binder is poor. In the high molecular polymer system, since the pigment absorbs acidic substances, it also promotes gelation and the like.
Due to being too thick, or due to the high gelation of the binder, it can be overcome by the addition of appropriate dilute, soluble substances (fatty acids, ester ketones, etc.).
For the type of gelation that reacts into gum, rosin acid (rosin, or rosin acid dissolved in linseed oil), linseed fatty acid, maleic acid, or maleic anhydride resin with high acid value (soluble In linseed oil) high acid content is used to release the glue.
Seven, anti-(viscous) dirty agent Anti-dirty agent is also called anti-smearing agent, which means to prevent the printing ink from sticking to the back of another printing product. It also prevents piles of prints from sticking together.
The method of using the anti-dirty agent is mostly used in the printing industry. The spraying method is divided into two methods: powder spraying and liquid spraying.
The powders used in the dusting method are generally starch, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcite derived from the reaction of calcium nitrate and ammonium carbonate, fine-grained wax, silica, etc. The requirements for these molecules are generally approximately 15 - Between 30 microns, moisture absorption is small, neutral, no friction, can not affect the process, such as overprinting, covering and so on.
Spraying liquid method is to spray the so-called fast solidifying material. This kind of material consists of a solid that is a phase and the other phase is a liquid. After being printed on paper, it is selectively absorbed by the paper. The solvent part is immediately sticky. The components are related to each other and form an anti-fouling property together with the color.
Disadvantages of the strong antifouling agent are that it is easy to pollute the air and the machine, causing the operator to feel uncomfortable, and it is not suitable for some advanced glossy papers because it will destroy the gloss of these papers.
In recent years, although the ink industry has developed a number of fast-setting inks, the problem of blemishes on printed products has not yet been resolved in a relatively broad range. Therefore, the anti-fouling agent is still in use, and its research is still underway. The principle of anti-fouling agent developed this year is that it consists of immiscible materials. After printing, auxiliaries can float on the surface of the ink layer to form an irreversible “cushion†to reduce the offset of the printed product.
The following are the names and models of several domestic commonly used offset printing ink auxiliaries, which are for reference only.
Commonly used offset thickeners, grease type 101 external oil and 0 external oil, resin type 05-94 thick varnish and 901 thick oil.
Commonly used offset thinners, grease type 165-6 and No. 6 varnish, resin type 8021 resin varnish, 05-01 varnish, No. 6 resin varnish, 906 resin varnish , 40 light varnish and 42 light varnish. Solvent type with 8062 thinner, 57 thinner and 908 white kerosene.
Commonly used scatterers are 8043 scuffing agent, 05-92 detackifier, 653 detackifier, 903 detackifier, and 49 detackifier.
Commonly used anti-drying agents are 522 anti-drying agent, 70 anti-drying agent, 08 anti-drying oil, 70 anti-drying agent and 48 anti-drying agent. Usage is controlled at 0.3-1%.
At present, there are not many varieties of anti-crystallization agents, only 52 anti-colorants, the use of general control within 10%.
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