1 Introduction
Sliced ​​thin wood is a surface decoration material, its texture is beautiful, the material color is moderate, and its surface finish has great influence on the decoration. Improving the surface finish can improve the decorative effect, improve the value of the decorated product, and facilitate the sale and use of the product. The sliced ​​thin wood is generally thin, and the commonly used thickness is about 0 2 to 0.6 mm. Due to the small thickness, sand penetration phenomenon is easily generated during production and processing, thereby exposing the decorated substrate and causing processing defects. Or you can't sand at all, you can only use the original decorative surface. The rough surface brings difficulty to the subsequent finishing process, increasing material consumption and man-hour consumption, and increasing the production cost of the product. Therefore, improving the surface finish of the sliced ​​wood processing and improving the surface roughness of the thin wood are essential for ensuring the appearance of the decorated product. There are many ways to improve the surface roughness of sliced ​​wood. The first method is to adjust the tool (grinding angle, cutting angle, cutting angle). For wood of different hardness, the angle can be adjusted to increase the sliced ​​wood within a certain range. Surface finish, this method is limited by the hardness of the wood and the thickness of the sliced ​​wood. The second method is to increase the sharpness of the planer, which is effective for improving the surface roughness of the thin wood. This method increases the number of sharpening and tool change due to the hardness of the wood and the material of the tool, but reduces the production efficiency accordingly. The third method is to soak the wood in water, increase the moisture content of the wood, and soften the wood under the combined action of water and heat. This method can effectively improve the surface roughness of the sliced ​​wood, but the man-hour and cost are high. . On the basis of the first few methods, a new method, the short-time heating and cutting method of wood, can be applied. The method is to perform high-temperature short-time on the wood during the cutting process and the returning process as well as the intermittent short time. Heating, so that the sliced ​​wood is temporarily expanded and softened, thereby improving the surface roughness of the sliced ​​wood. This method is simple and easy, low in cost, has no strict requirements on the moisture content of the wood, and can effectively improve the quality of the thin wood. The thin wood has a smoother surface. This method can be used in combination with other methods, or it can be used alone. In order to explore the effect of short-time heating on sliced ​​wood, we conducted the following tests:
2 test materials
Poplar
3 Equipment and facilities
Nissan Wood's longitudinal feed horizontal planer; wood heating facility and SE-4A roughness tester.
4 test process
4. 1 First, select the wood planing surface, and determine the planing plane according to the required thin wood texture and the original defects of the wood.
4. 2 Firstly, the planing surface is pre-machined and leveled so that the planing surface has a good flatness to ensure uniform heating of the wood during heating. 4. 3 Check the parallel condition of the adjusted planing surface and the opposite surface.
4. 4 Plan the wood, and slice the thin wood as a template for comparison with the thin wood that is sliced ​​after heating.
4. 5 After the wood is heated, it is cut and cut, and the heating conditions are adjusted according to the improvement of the roughness of the surface of the thin wood until the roughness is improved.
4. 6 Use a roughness tester to detect the rough surface condition of the heated and unheated sliced ​​wood and perform statistical analysis.
4. 7 Select 10 test areas on the thin wood. Each area measures 5 peaks and 5 valleys. The maximum value, average value and difference are used to measure the surface roughness. The data and the column chart are combined. .
It can be seen from the test results that the roughness of each test area has improved, with a minimum increase of 8 8%, a maximum increase of 66%, and an average increase of 36 9%. From the different measurement points of the 10 test areas, select 5 maximum peaks and 5 maximum valleys for comparison detection, and use the column diagram to represent
It can be seen from the five maximum peak comparison charts that the heat-cutting method has a significantly lower peak value than the unheated sliced ​​wood surface, with a maximum reduction of 54%, a minimum reduction of 13%, and an average reduction of 41%. It can be seen from the comparison of the five largest valleys that the heat-cutting method has a lower valley bottom value than the unheated planing, with a reduction of up to 37%, a minimum of 53%, and an average reduction of 21%. The above description shows that the microscopic morphology of the heat-cut sliced ​​wood surface tends to be flat. The peaks and valleys of the 10 test areas were averaged separately, and then comparative analysis was performed. The column diagrams are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: the average peak comparison chart and the average valley value comparison chart from different measurement points can also be seen, heating The peak and valley values ​​of the thin wood surface obtained by the planing method are reduced, and the overall roughness is more smooth, and the roughness is obviously improved. The peak value is reduced by up to 45%, the average reduction is 37%, and the valley value is reduced at the most. 43%, an average reduction of 37%. Another evaluation is to use the average of the peak and valley superpositions, that is, the average value of the sum of the absolute values ​​of the corresponding peaks and valleys. The histogram is shown in Fig. 5.
From the peak-to-valley superimposed average comparison chart, the superposition average differs by up to 43%, at least 32%, and the average is 37%. The percentage difference is consistent with the above analysis, but the net value of the difference is greatly increased, indicating the peak value and the bottom value. At the same time, the surface roughness of the thin wood can be improved.
5 Conclusion
Through the above test, it is proved that the heating wood cutting method can improve the surface roughness of the thin wood and improve the decorative effect of the appearance. For the planing of the poplar, the surface finish can be improved by 30-40%. This method can also play a similar role for other tree species.
Sliced ​​thin wood is a surface decoration material, its texture is beautiful, the material color is moderate, and its surface finish has great influence on the decoration. Improving the surface finish can improve the decorative effect, improve the value of the decorated product, and facilitate the sale and use of the product. The sliced ​​thin wood is generally thin, and the commonly used thickness is about 0 2 to 0.6 mm. Due to the small thickness, sand penetration phenomenon is easily generated during production and processing, thereby exposing the decorated substrate and causing processing defects. Or you can't sand at all, you can only use the original decorative surface. The rough surface brings difficulty to the subsequent finishing process, increasing material consumption and man-hour consumption, and increasing the production cost of the product. Therefore, improving the surface finish of the sliced ​​wood processing and improving the surface roughness of the thin wood are essential for ensuring the appearance of the decorated product. There are many ways to improve the surface roughness of sliced ​​wood. The first method is to adjust the tool (grinding angle, cutting angle, cutting angle). For wood of different hardness, the angle can be adjusted to increase the sliced ​​wood within a certain range. Surface finish, this method is limited by the hardness of the wood and the thickness of the sliced ​​wood. The second method is to increase the sharpness of the planer, which is effective for improving the surface roughness of the thin wood. This method increases the number of sharpening and tool change due to the hardness of the wood and the material of the tool, but reduces the production efficiency accordingly. The third method is to soak the wood in water, increase the moisture content of the wood, and soften the wood under the combined action of water and heat. This method can effectively improve the surface roughness of the sliced ​​wood, but the man-hour and cost are high. . On the basis of the first few methods, a new method, the short-time heating and cutting method of wood, can be applied. The method is to perform high-temperature short-time on the wood during the cutting process and the returning process as well as the intermittent short time. Heating, so that the sliced ​​wood is temporarily expanded and softened, thereby improving the surface roughness of the sliced ​​wood. This method is simple and easy, low in cost, has no strict requirements on the moisture content of the wood, and can effectively improve the quality of the thin wood. The thin wood has a smoother surface. This method can be used in combination with other methods, or it can be used alone. In order to explore the effect of short-time heating on sliced ​​wood, we conducted the following tests:
2 test materials
Poplar
3 Equipment and facilities
Nissan Wood's longitudinal feed horizontal planer; wood heating facility and SE-4A roughness tester.
4 test process
4. 1 First, select the wood planing surface, and determine the planing plane according to the required thin wood texture and the original defects of the wood.
4. 2 Firstly, the planing surface is pre-machined and leveled so that the planing surface has a good flatness to ensure uniform heating of the wood during heating. 4. 3 Check the parallel condition of the adjusted planing surface and the opposite surface.
4. 4 Plan the wood, and slice the thin wood as a template for comparison with the thin wood that is sliced ​​after heating.
4. 5 After the wood is heated, it is cut and cut, and the heating conditions are adjusted according to the improvement of the roughness of the surface of the thin wood until the roughness is improved.
4. 6 Use a roughness tester to detect the rough surface condition of the heated and unheated sliced ​​wood and perform statistical analysis.
4. 7 Select 10 test areas on the thin wood. Each area measures 5 peaks and 5 valleys. The maximum value, average value and difference are used to measure the surface roughness. The data and the column chart are combined. .
It can be seen from the test results that the roughness of each test area has improved, with a minimum increase of 8 8%, a maximum increase of 66%, and an average increase of 36 9%. From the different measurement points of the 10 test areas, select 5 maximum peaks and 5 maximum valleys for comparison detection, and use the column diagram to represent
It can be seen from the five maximum peak comparison charts that the heat-cutting method has a significantly lower peak value than the unheated sliced ​​wood surface, with a maximum reduction of 54%, a minimum reduction of 13%, and an average reduction of 41%. It can be seen from the comparison of the five largest valleys that the heat-cutting method has a lower valley bottom value than the unheated planing, with a reduction of up to 37%, a minimum of 53%, and an average reduction of 21%. The above description shows that the microscopic morphology of the heat-cut sliced ​​wood surface tends to be flat. The peaks and valleys of the 10 test areas were averaged separately, and then comparative analysis was performed. The column diagrams are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: the average peak comparison chart and the average valley value comparison chart from different measurement points can also be seen, heating The peak and valley values ​​of the thin wood surface obtained by the planing method are reduced, and the overall roughness is more smooth, and the roughness is obviously improved. The peak value is reduced by up to 45%, the average reduction is 37%, and the valley value is reduced at the most. 43%, an average reduction of 37%. Another evaluation is to use the average of the peak and valley superpositions, that is, the average value of the sum of the absolute values ​​of the corresponding peaks and valleys. The histogram is shown in Fig. 5.
From the peak-to-valley superimposed average comparison chart, the superposition average differs by up to 43%, at least 32%, and the average is 37%. The percentage difference is consistent with the above analysis, but the net value of the difference is greatly increased, indicating the peak value and the bottom value. At the same time, the surface roughness of the thin wood can be improved.
5 Conclusion
Through the above test, it is proved that the heating wood cutting method can improve the surface roughness of the thin wood and improve the decorative effect of the appearance. For the planing of the poplar, the surface finish can be improved by 30-40%. This method can also play a similar role for other tree species.
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