Swing-outrotor (swing-outrotor), also known as horizontal rotor (swing-outrotor) centrifuge tube is placed in the gondola, which is axisymmetrically hung on the rotor. When rotating, the gondola is thrown from the vertical position to the horizontal position by centrifugal force, so it is also called external swinging rotor and swinging gondola rotor.
1. Installation method of hanging basket 2. Wall effects (welleffects)
When the rotor is thrown away and rotates in the centrifuge, the centrifugal force acts in a radial direction and is symmetrical in the horizontal section. Only the particles on the center line of the centrifuge tube are in the same direction as the centrifugal force field. The particles at other positions are in the process of sedimentation It will hit the pipe wall in the middle and settle down along the pipe wall. The wall effect in the swing-out rotor is not as severe in the angular rotor.
The particle sedimentation path in the centrifuge tube is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Initially, the particles in the center of the sample zone will settle radially. However, the particles near the tube wall will first collide with the tube wall, and the distance from the tube wall will be different. The difference in order will widen the zone, and it will also cause particles to accumulate into blocks, convection interference and other abnormal phenomena.
3. The balance of the rotor (balancingoftherotor)
For the use of centrifuges, balancing the rotor is the key to obtaining a good separation effect. The balance method for different numbers of hanging baskets (test tubes) is shown in the figure. The weight balance and weighing error of the shaft corresponding to the test tube must be kept within 0.1g, and the hanging basket must be placed on the rotor body axisymmetrically. Some centrifuges require all the hanging baskets to be installed with the same number.
4. The separation process of the rotor is thrown away a First, the gradient is prepared, the sample is laid, and the hanging basket is hung (installed) on the rotor (when the centrifuge is not rotating, the hanging basket is vertically hung); b When the rotor accelerates, the hanging basket starts Swing up, when the rotation speed is above 800r / min, the hanging basket and the rotor rotation axis are at a horizontal position of 90 °, and no gradient redirection occurs; c. Under the action of the centrifugal force field, the particles in the sample settle to the bottom of the tube. The difference in settlement coefficient or buoyancy density is separated into discontinuous zones; d The rotor slows down, the gondola returns to its original vertical position, and no redirection occurs in the test tube. 5. The radius-volume relationship of the rotor is thrown away, rt Is the distance between the center of rotation and the top of the liquid level.
If the influence on the hemispherical tube bottom is considered, the following formula can be used:
In the formula, b is the total volume of the solution in the tube; V is the volume of the solution from the meniscus to r; r is the distance between the rotating shafts, Wt is the thickness of the bottom of the tube; t is the thickness of the tube wall; D is the centrifuge tube Hole radius; Rmax is the maximum radius of the rotor.
6. The application of equal-density centrifugation selects short thick centrifuge tubes, and the rate zone centrifuge selects slender centrifuge tubes. They are the most common technology for preparing centrifuges for analysis. In a few cases, throwing away the rotor is also used for differential centrifuge separation. Because the radius-volume relationship of the rotor is relatively simple, and it is easy to form an isodynamic gradient, it is the main method for measuring the settlement coefficient with the preparation machine.
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