The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Himalayas, and the flying foxes of the snow-capped mountains are the people who have long lived in the city. Therefore, the plateau with its blue sky and pure air has become the first choice for many people who have long been looking for.
Wang Wei, deputy secretary-general of the China Association for the Exploration of Science, said in an interview with reporters that the altitude of the plateau is low, the air density is low, the oxygen content is 25% to 30% lower than the plains in the interior, and the sunshine is strong. The average annual sunshine can be as long as 3000 hours. . Winter is long and cold without summer. When traveling to the plateau for work, life, and tourism, attention should be paid to several issues:
1. Wear loose, warm clothing when you travel.
2. Because the general high sunshine in the plateau area, it is best to wear sunglasses, sun hats and sunscreen to prevent ultraviolet rays from burning the skin.
3. Don't eat too much at the beginning of the plateau, eat more vegetables, fruits, drink plenty of water, and drink enough water before the morning activities. It is best not to smoke or drink.
4. In addition, windows should be opened at rest during the evening to maintain air circulation.
Special introduction
What to do with severe altitude sickness
The area above 3,000 meters above sea level is called plateau area. It is characterized by low air pressure and low concentration of oxygen in the air, which can easily lead to human hypoxia, causing altitude sickness. The common symptoms of high altitude sickness are vomiting, tinnitus, headache, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, fever, drowsiness, and severe symptoms such as dullness, mood swings, hyperactivity, memory loss, hearing, vision, smelling, abnormal taste, and hallucinations. In addition, edema, shock or paralysis may also occur.
1. For patients with altitude sickness, oxygenation and height reduction are the most effective first aid treatments. If there is a shock phenomenon, priority should be given to treatment, and attention should be paid to loss of temperature and other complications.
2. The patient should be moved to a place without wind, and immediately stay in bed, pay attention to keep warm, prevent upper respiratory tract infection, and prohibit drinking plenty of water.
3. If the pain is severe, you can take painkillers to relieve pain. If you still can not adapt, you need to reduce the height until the patient feels comfortable or the symptoms are significantly reduced. In general, patients who experience altitude sickness can be cured after they have reduced to the level. Nevertheless, serious patients still need to be sent to the hospital for treatment.
What to do with hypoglycemia
1. Whether you are traveling by car or sightseeing, you must have a few candy in your pocket. Chocolate and fruit sugar are better. To eat breakfast on time, once you have not eaten breakfast or eat too little and feel flustered and hungry before lunch, eat a few candies immediately and it will return to normal within about 10 to 15 minutes.
2. If you have conditions, you can drink a cup of strong sugar water immediately. If you are on the road, you don't carry candy, you can drink some sugary drinks or eat other foods, and you can return to normal, but only slightly slower in time.
3. If a fellow traveler experiences hypoglycemia and suddenly faints to the ground, he should immediately rest and rest on his back, loosen his clothes clasps and waistbands, and allow him to serve some concentrated sugar water or sweet drinks, fruit juices, etc., which can generally be relieved quickly. come. If the above measures cannot be adopted to make the symptoms of hypoglycemia disappear, other diseases should be taken into consideration and they should be sent to the local hospital for diagnosis and treatment without hesitation.
What to do if the legs and feet are swollen
At the beginning of the plateau, people may have swollen legs and legs due to high altitude and excessive travel. Do not panic at this time. The following methods can appropriately reduce or relieve the degree of edema:
1. To properly arrange the time and route of travel, do not rush too tightly. After a visit to a scenic spot, take a rest and pay attention to work and leisure.
2. On the way, attention should be paid to changes in posture. After standing and walking for a period of time, it is necessary to sit for a while or lie down for a while and pick up both legs. When you are riding for a long time, raise your legs so that the veins in your leg and back can be returned.
3. When you need to walk for a long time when traveling, it is best to wear a proper leg warmer, or use a wide cloth to wrap the calf and secure it with a pin.
4. After each day of travel, use hot water to heat the feet so that the blood vessels in the feet can be expanded to facilitate the return of blood.
Special circumstances
What to do if the plateau breaks down
1. If the car encounters an accident such as an anchorage at the plateau, it should promptly report to the relevant department through communication means such as mobile phones and maritime satellite telephones. If there is no signal or no other communication tools in the mobile phone, it should actively warn the incoming and outgoing vehicles, such as waving The vehicles coming from behind should be stopped by the side of the road, and the oncoming vehicles should be stopped. In the evening, the vehicles can be stopped with a flashlight or a light colored scarf.
2. Due to the thin air in the plateau, when people encounter accidents in driving, they should be careful not to do strenuous exercise and keep calm. Do not panic, otherwise it will increase the oxygen intake, increase the consumption of body heat and cause physical exhaustion.
3. While waiting for the rescue, trapped persons should maintain the circulation of air in the compartment and move their limbs, such as active toes, wrists, shoulders, and neck, to promote blood circulation.
4. Do not turn on the radio or lights frequently to save battery power. If the climate in the area is cold, it is recommended to start the engine and warm air every hour for about 10 minutes. This will not only save fuel, but more importantly, the engine will take a long time to drive. The danger of exhaust gas flowing into the vehicle is also greater, and it is too warm. The environment is also easy to make people sleepy.
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