Three-dimensional printing has attracted people's attention and favor for its dazzling appearance, changeable effect and well-defined characteristics. It has developed in full swing abroad and is widely used in handicrafts, New Year cards, book albums, anti-counterfeiting trademarks, billboards, light boxes , Clothing, and our country's three-dimensional printing is not surprising, until nearly two or three years, only gradually into people's vision. What hinders the pace of 3D printing? Who is paying attention to its development? What is the value of 3D printing investment? These issues, people in the industry have different opinions and provide us with some reference.
The hardship of commercialization
Three-dimensional printing has caught people's attention with its unique effect. Relevant experts say that three-dimensional printing has been popular in Europe and America for many years. But in China it has gone through a long process. From 1999, three-dimensional printing began to be applied, and gradually developed in 2000 and 2001, and the momentum is good.
Recognize the problem
An expert who has been engaged in three-dimensional printing for more than 30 years said that many domestic printing companies do not have enough understanding of new product development. As long as they have the ability to work hard and can start up, they will not actively seek technological breakthroughs unless they are starved to death. Some printing companies still hold traditional ideas and wait for the rice to cook. They seldom make efforts to develop new product areas and do not accept the concept of new things. It is different in foreign countries. Printing methods such as liquid crystal, fragrance, and foaming, which are rare in China, have long been widely used.
Technical difficulties
In the past, 3D printing was a systematic project, including 3D cameras, 3D computer engraving and raster compound machines. Each development requires unique expertise. Unless the company is engaged in computer engraving, raster templates, and grating machinery With the ability to design and manufacture, otherwise it is very difficult to start production; and the production equipment is expensive, the process technology is complicated, and the production cost is high. These have affected the promotion and popularization of three-dimensional printing. The commercialization of three-dimensional printing is a difficult process, so in the past few years, three-dimensional printing can only be applied to a small extent. Now with the application of computer technology and CTP, the problem of plate-making has been well solved, and the application of three-dimensional products can be further promoted.
Price threshold
The expensive prices in previous years have also prevented the development of three-dimensional printing. Grating is an important raw material for three-dimensional printing. Just a few years ago, the imported high-precision thick plate grating cost more than 1,000 yuan per square meter, plus the production cost, ordinary customers could not bear the weight of the price.
In recent years, the price of raster has dropped all the way, although it is higher than flat printing, but if mass production, its price is still acceptable. For printing enterprises, although the grating is expensive, the purchase is calculated by square meters, but the processing of three-dimensional products is also calculated by area. For customers, the use of three-dimensional printed materials improves the quality of products and is more conducive to long-term development. When asked whether the end customer can accept a price much higher than that of flat printing, an expert who has long been engaged in three-dimensional printing used such an image metaphor. The transformation from flat to three-dimensional is like the black and white pictures to color pictures more than ten years ago. The change is the same, although it is a bit expensive, but the grade has gone up, and the effect has improved, just like there are markets for hardcover and simple.
Reasons to love stereo
According to relevant experts, there are several three-dimensional printing enterprises in Guangdong with annual output value exceeding 100 million yuan. What promotes the development of three-dimensional printing? Relevant three-dimensional printing companies express their own opinions. In summary, there are several points.
Magical look
There are three types of three-dimensional products: three-dimensional, animation, and abnormal maps. The strange effects produced are completely different from traditional flat printing. Stereoscopic products are full of vitality. They are rapidly emerging overseas due to their exquisite and novel and moving characteristics. It is the easiest to impress customers who seek novelty and vitality. These features enhance the added value of products, become an excellent means for customers to promote commodities and improve market image, and novel advertising media, which play an effective role in publicity.
client needs
Raster images are very popular in Europe and the United States, because they are like a dynamic advertisement, which can express information in a deeper and more vivid way. Therefore, there is a large demand for 3D printed materials in foreign countries. Many domestic printing factories make 3D printed products for export. At the same time, 3D printing also has a large market in China. The reason why many printing plants are interested in it is that 3D printing allows them to find a new investment project. They need this new project to increase corporate profits. This new Technology is easier to obtain profits than the original technology, which is the key to the investment of printing companies. [next]
price advantage
Wang Zhiqiang, a technical engineer of Shenzhen Meidibao Technology Co., Ltd., said that the market surveys they have done show that the three-dimensional printing is recognized by many printing companies, but their high production costs and low yields make them unacceptable. Not give up. In the past, if you were doing large-scale outdoor advertising, imported grating materials cost thousands of yuan per square meter, plus the production cost, which was close to 2,000 yuan, which is difficult for ordinary customers to accept. Now the price of grating material has dropped. Depending on the material, it can be purchased from tens to hundreds of yuan. A domestically produced direct-printed grating can only cost more than ten yuan. The most concerned price issue is now. Accepted, there will be a broad space for the development of 3D printing in China.
Technological development
In the 21st century, the production of stereoscopic images has entered the digital age. The use of computer software and computer-to-plate technology for stereo images and the use of high-precision FM dot printing equipment ensure the quality of stereo printing and promote the development of stereo printing. The production technology is becoming more and more stable and stable. A new era.
Anti-counterfeiting function
Three-dimensional printing uses a comprehensive anti-counterfeiting method of optical encryption. In the past, the anti-counterfeiting technology was too single, so it was invincible. Because the three-dimensional anti-counterfeit trademark is made of optical refraction data encryption, it cannot be copied on the electronic color separation machine like ordinary printed products. This technology can be applied to anti-counterfeiting labels for tobacco, alcohol, beverages, cosmetics, clothing, medicines and other products. Some experts boldly predicted that within three to five years, three-dimensional trademarks will inevitably become the main anti-counterfeiting methods.
Investment Collection
Shenzhen Meidibao Company predicts that within two years, three-dimensional printing will become the mainstream of the nation's print advertising industry. With its current price and the rich forms it can carry, it will inevitably be favored by customers. For advertisers, they obviously feel that enterprises are transferring funds for outdoor advertising to some newer promotional media, and the funds invested in outdoor advertising are gradually decreasing. Therefore, advertisers must come up with some new and more attractive Expressions to attract customers. At present, the form of 3D printing is the best, and there is no need to invest expensive costs. As long as it is strictly controlled in technology, it can produce exquisite 3D printed products. When investing, the following points should be considered.
Technical preparation
Three-dimensional printing and general printing processes are roughly the same, but they are stricter and require higher accuracy. For example, overprinting should be accurate, and the dot reproduction should be more clear and saturated, otherwise, it will affect the clarity and three-dimensional sense of the image.
The choice of software
It is very important to carry out three-dimensional printing to realize the transformation of the image from plane to three-dimensional. There are two ways to achieve this: one is to use the camera to take a stereo picture directly, and the other is to convert the plane image into a stereo image using professional software. In these two methods, the stereo shooting effect is good, but the implementation is far less convenient than the latter. There are two main types of software that are frequently used in China for plane-to-stereo software: one is professional software, such as 3D4U, and the other is ordinary software Photoshop and CoreDraw.
Using 3D4U software, customers only need to provide a flat image, which can be turned into a stereo image after being processed by the software. Relatively speaking, the production process of Photoshop is a little more complicated. For example, if you need 12 layers of pictures, you need to shift 12 times and then synthesize. If you are not satisfied, it is very time-consuming and labor-intensive to modify; Depending on whether positive or negative parameters are given, there is no need to do it layer by layer, which saves manpower and material resources relatively. Of course, the price difference between the two is also very large, 3D4U software is worth 4,500 US dollars, while the price of Photoshop is 600 to 700 US dollars. [next]
Identification of materials
There are 3 kinds of grating materials: PET, PP, PVC.
The production and processing of PET gratings are generally abroad, with the best stability, high picture quality, and not easy to deform. Because of its anti-UV properties, it is suitable for outdoor advertising, can accept the sun, will not easily yellow and discolor, and its yield is higher.
The stability of PP grating is also very high, the image quality is average, and it is mostly used in low-cost products.
Because of their toxicity and environmental protection, PVC gratings are generally not used in toys and food packaging products in European and American countries. The accuracy and stability are not enough, which leads to the incomplete synchronization of images during the printing of stereo images, and the scrap rate is often very high, because the quality of the material itself limits its yield.
Technical dictionary
Networked printing production
Networked printing production refers to the continuous production system from accepting orders to handing over. The core is to perform real-time calculation and control of every processing link (including processing equipment) of printing, to ensure the successful completion of printing.
This system generates an electronic folder containing all important production parameters for each new printing job. On the printing production console, once the relevant data including the production plan deadline, requirements and enterprise production capacity are received, a dynamically changing workflow list can be automatically generated to guide the entire printing production process.
After being carefully planned and delivered to the prepress department, the operator calls up the corresponding printing list, puts the relevant printing production data (such as images, logos, etc.) into the database, and can automatically generate the production folder Subsequent work preparation for proofing data proofing, format proofing and CTP output. The production plan generated by the workstation also includes CIP3 data for folding, cutting and binding processing, and then transmitted to the corresponding processing equipment through the interface.
Through networked printing production, the non-working time of printing production can be greatly shortened. But whether the entire printing production process is smooth, the key lies in whether the generated production operation data can be continuously transmitted and updated through the data control interface, so that the dynamic random calculation of printing activity can be realized.
Sleeve material flattening system
Generally, when using a simple flexibly deformable curve flattening roller, the paper belt is easy to produce tensile deformation while flattening in the horizontal direction through its defined curved arc surface, even if the tensile deformation is too large. The tearing phenomenon in the center of the tape, especially the ultra-wide and ultra-thin paper tape. The sleeve-type flattening system with controllable deformation will not be affected by the change of the tension of the tape itself, nor will it change the original tension distribution of the tape during the flattening and depleting process of the tape, thus maintaining The tension value that has been set while the tape is running is constant.
In the printing process of paper tape, the paper tape enters from the compression area on the surface of the rubber sleeve, and then gradually enters the stretching area. Since the flattening process of the paper tape is attached to the surface of the sleeve and gradually completed by the deformation of the surface of the sleeve, it will not cause excessive deformation in the lateral direction of the paper tape. The flattening roller exerts an axial flattening force on the paper tape to eliminate wrinkles, but the magnitude of this flattening force comes from the surface deformation of the rubber sleeve, and the degree of deformation is through the two ends of the rubber sleeve. Controlled adjustment of the ring. By continuously adjusting the inclination of the collar, the degree of deformation of the deformable sleeve can be adjusted, thereby compensating for the deformation of the paper tape caused by changing the running conditions of the paper tape.
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