3 Packaging is a comprehensive discipline

According to the above content, it can be stated that the knowledge structure system in the development of packaging has met the conditions of a discipline, and packaging is a discipline. What must be solved next is what kind of discipline it belongs to. From the perspective of the theoretical system of packaging discipline introduced in Section 2.3 above, it clearly belongs to the category of interdisciplinarity. According to the book "Modern Interdisciplinary Science," there are six major types of interdisciplinary subjects: comparative subjects, marginal subjects, soft subjects, comprehensive subjects, transversal subjects, and transdisciplinary subjects. Each type of interdiscipline has its own characteristics, and up to 6 different types of disciplines form an interdisciplinary group. According to the characteristics of the theoretical system of packaging disciplines, it belongs to a comprehensive discipline type in interdisciplinary. This is because comprehensive disciplines use specific questions or goals as research objects. For the complexity of the subject, any single discipline or even a single hard subject or a soft subject cannot accomplish its tasks independently, and it is necessary to use a combination of theories, methods, and techniques of various disciplines. In other words, what is a comprehensive discipline? The disciplinary system is a cross-disciplinary subject that studies specific natural objects or social activities using multidisciplinary theories and methods. Packaging disciplines fully comply with this nature of comprehensive disciplines.

So, what exactly are the specific features of the integrated disciplines in the packaging discipline? In the book “Modern Interdisciplinary Science”, the author of the Comprehensive Discipline has five basic items on the basis of examining the generation age, research object, research content, degree of crossover, and system structure of 32 comprehensive disciplines (excluding packaging disciplines). Features: Comprehensive, systematic, open, measurable and international, all of these characteristics are reflected in the packaging discipline.

3.1 Packaging discipline comprehensiveness

The most distinctive feature of an integrated discipline is its interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary nature. Under normal circumstances, comprehensive disciplines are the product of convergence, interweaving, and fusion of social sciences, natural sciences, and (applied) technical sciences. This is the case with packaging disciplines. This, like other comprehensive disciplines, not only covers the theoretical knowledge, thinking methods and principles of many disciplines, but also accommodates a variety of professional technologies and a variety of technical complexes, and has many branches, is a comprehensive, three-dimensional Type, collaborative university department. Therefore, the diversity of theoretical integration in complex disciplines and the complexity of knowledge systems are incomparable to other disciplines.

In the book "Introduction to Interdisciplinary Studies," there is a chapter devoted to environmental issues and it is considered that environmental science is a comprehensive discipline. It mentioned that the development of a discipline system of environmental issues ranging from single-discipline to multidisciplinary cooperation and environmental science from single-discipline research to sub-disciplines, is very similar to the development of packaging disciplines. The packaging problem is the same as environmental issues. It is cross-industry, cross-sectoral, and cross-regional. The causes, nature, and effects of the disciplines are extremely complex and must therefore be highly integrated. No single science, single technology, or single department can provide a complete explanation independently of it, nor can it provide a complete solution alone. Since the beginning of the modern packaging era in the 1930s, experts in different fields of traditional disciplines have used their academic achievements from different disciplines to study and solve many problems in packaging, clarifying the social functions, economic effects, and problems of packaging. , technical methods and development trends, etc., resulting in a series of sub-disciplines packaging, after further infiltration, integration and cross-over, and gradually formed this new discipline - packaging disciplines.

3.2 Packaging Subject Systematic

Like other comprehensive disciplines, the subject of packaging is a complex and dynamic system with multiple factors, multiple levels, and multiple sides. Packaging is based on product packaging, taking time, space, flow and the environment as background, and aims to achieve economic and social benefits. It uses material and spiritual civilization as a means to assemble people. A large system of economy, science and technology, trade, and culture is embodied in the packaging discipline. Within its theoretical framework, all constituent disciplines and sub-disciplines must have the right to merge with each other to form a complete holistic subject system. . This can be seen from the composition of the theoretical system of the modern packaging discipline described in Section 2.3 above.

Some international scholars have put forward a new concept of intelligent product delivery system in the form of packaging product supply chain, which provides a new theory for the systematic analysis of packaging disciplines. The entire packaging product delivery system is composed of six major elements and is arranged in sequence to form the system's circulation movement: 1 raw material - 2 product manufacturing - 1 3 product packaging - 4 product circulation - 5 customers or consumers - 6 Recycling and disposal - 1 raw materials. The periphery of this system involves economic conditions, market sales, ordinances, regulations, information industries, index statistics, competition, and high technology. Analysis of the systematic characteristics of packaging disciplines shows that through the transition to a knowledge-based economy, information technology can promote the packaging delivery system to have higher product added value. This systematicness not only emphasizes the integrity of the packaging system, but also considers that the packaging will be independent. Included in each stage of the product delivery system.

3.3 Packaging discipline openness

With the development of science and technology, comprehensive disciplines constantly absorb new theories, knowledge, and technologies in their own improvement. Their scope of research and research methods are constantly expanding and deepening. In this sense, comprehensive disciplines are open. The packaging discipline has no exception in this regard. The degree of openness is fully reflected in the fact that comprehensive disciplines must cite various advanced methods for solving practical problems in a timely manner according to their own research objects. They are referred to as "transplantation" in the scientific methodology. In an integrated discipline, method transplantation often refers to a parallel interdisciplinary one. The transfer or citation of the discipline method to another discipline.

About this kind of open "transplantation" method, it also reflects the comprehensive features. Taking packaging dynamics of packaging disciplines as an example, dynamics describes the internal relationship between the movement of objects and the interaction between objects. The concepts, principles, laws and formulas in dynamics can be quoted to solve the problem of damage caused by external loads during the flow of the package, explain the causes and conditions of the damage, and analyze and confirm that the package is in the transport environment. The structure, shape, weight, and dimensions of the packaged product are not affected, so that a reasonable cushioning vibration damping packaging technology is established, and a dynamic test method, test standard, and analysis method of the packaged product are correspondingly formed, and the corresponding specialized manufacturing is also performed. Test equipment and measuring instruments. Therefore, packaging dynamics is by no means just the use of ready-made theorems and formulae in dynamics, but based on the subject of their own research—packages in circulation and their environmental conditions for transport, based on the basic theory of dynamics. Through research, analysis and summarization, and ultimately formed the theory, principles and methods of packaging dynamics alone. Among them, the fragility theory, the damage boundary theory, the buffer coefficient and test method, the buffer design method, the buffer material curve test method, and so on, are all other dynamics.

3.4 Packaging Subject Measurability

The measurability of the so-called comprehensive discipline mainly includes two meanings: First, refers to the use of mathematical modeling methods, so that the problem can be quantified, or can be used in laboratory simulation experiments and on-site field with comprehensive measurements to obtain performance data; Second, refers to Comprehensive academic research results or design products can be evaluated or revised solutions can be provided.

For example, in order to develop scientific and reasonable food packaging technologies, according to the interactions between food characteristics, environmental parameters and packaging container material characteristics, a mathematical model is established when the packaging system is in equilibrium, and through the solution to the mathematical model, it is achieved Long shelf life and what quality the most suitable packaging material is used. For another example, before the design of transport packaging, one of the necessary known conditions is the transportation environmental condition parameters such as temperature, humidity, package drop height, vibration load, etc. All these data are sometimes measured through laboratory simulation tests. However, it is often necessary to install data measurement recorders in field operations and record them, and even transmit them to the measurement and control center through remote communication tools.

The second significance of the measurability of packaging disciplines is to show that the packaging research projects or design products can be quantitatively evaluated. Although there are many evaluation methods at present, the use of comprehensive disciplines is often based on mathematical analysis and evaluation methods. It is the use of mathematical tools for analysis, derivation, and calculations to arrive at methods for evaluating quantitative parameters. Commonly used mathematical analysis and evaluation methods are known as score scoring, judgment scoring, technical economics, and fuzzy evaluation. The design of packaging products often includes the combination of technology and art or the combination of functions and forms. Therefore, many “soft” evaluation goals in the evaluation, such as aesthetics, ergonomics, safety, and craftsmanship, are used for these goals. Traditional quantitative analysis often encounters difficulties. This requires the introduction of linguistic variables to describe the expression and then evaluate it, and then use fuzzy mathematics to quantify the fuzzy information of the problem before it can be quantitatively evaluated.

3.5 Packaging discipline international

With the globalization of the market economy, the internationalization of packaging technology and packaging education has become increasingly prominent. These are the international features that promote the development of packaging disciplines. There are also many international organizations in the packaging industry besides WPO (World Packaging Organization). In addition, packaging professional organizations established in countries such as the United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Sweden all have considerable international influence. China Packaging Technology Association, China Packaging Corporation and China National Packaging Import & Export Corporation and its subordinate departments have been with international packaging organizations and China Packaging Import & Export Corporation and many of its subsidiaries for many years, with international packaging organizations and foreign countries for many years. The more frequent business exchanges, technological activities, and academic exchanges of enterprises have further reflected the trend of packaging packaging becoming more and more obvious.

As a discipline subject of interdisciplinary subjects, the scope of research has involved a globally extremely complex and dynamic relationship. Not only do we need to understand the packaging industry and the development of science and technology in each region, but also understand their economic, political, and cultural History and even religious background. Therefore, people engaged in packaging have to use the special advantages of the integrated discipline of packaging science to solve the problems associated with today's social progress. At present, important issues that need to be considered in the internationalization of packaging disciplines can be summed up in the following aspects. First of all, we must understand the contents of the packaging's international (United Nations) or related country's laws, regulations and regulations. At present, it is particularly necessary to pay attention to the stringent environmental protection requirements for packaging. This has already had a great impact on the work of packaging companies. Second, both transport packaging and sales packaging must respect the national customs of the former countries or regions. Lifestyle and religious beliefs. The cultural taste of packaging products and information exchange reflect the international characteristics of packaging from another perspective. Third, the trend of globalization of market economy has become increasingly prominent. After China’s accession to the WTO, China is a major country with a population of more than 1.2 billion and participates in international competition. Will cope with the complexities of challenges and opportunities. As a highly integrated packaging discipline, an important role in promoting the rapid development of the market economy should emerge in the big stage of improving economic strength.

4 Conclusion

Packaging has developed into a discipline. It is basically in full compliance with all the conditions of a discipline; the packaging discipline is an interdisciplinary subject, its category belongs to a comprehensive discipline, and it basically fully possesses the characteristics of a comprehensive discipline. Special attention is paid to the fact that as the era of knowledge economy has begun and high-tech content is increasing in the packaging discipline, high-tech continues to be applied in the technological innovation of packaging companies, indicating that the development of packaging technology is a reflection of the highly integrated advantages of packaging science. . All packaging workers should have the concept of packaging disciplines with the characteristics of comprehensive disciplines, and recognize that interdisciplinary research is an important feature and a new trend in the development of contemporary science. It is very important to carry out the theoretical and practical values ​​of cross-discipline research in packaging.

Source: Fine Art Network